SLUMS IN ROMANIA

In the present days, we are watching in Romania, a process of differentiation of urban spaces according to the conditions of living, regardless of size and level of their development. The period of economic transition has changed in worst the drawbacks already existing in slums, which have been mainly marked by economic and social seclusion, absence of any infrastructure, dilapidated overcrowded houses without any minimum social-economic endowments, high degree of insecurity in areas where habitation coexisted with unemployment, alcoholism, drugs, violence and crime. The paper analyses the conditions in the urban disadvantaged zones –slums- existing across the world and in Romania as well, and suggests a programme with a set of solutions to improve them, derived from the experience gathered abroad by other programmes. For the successfully rehabilitation of the mentioned zones, the programme stresses the need of newly built/renovated houses, implementation of economic steps to increase the employment rate, as well as granting law assistance/legal advice to the community people, setting up facilities for education, general information, social care, social activities to create an adequate cultural environment.urbanization, slum, housing, disadvantaget population, rehabilitation

SYSTEMATIC SPATIAL PLANNING

Spatial planning is defined as the change of the distribution of activities in space and the change of the links between them by converting forms of land use and property. Systematic spatial planning is the most advanced level in a hierarchy from data and going to information and knowledge, collected on each level of territorial holarchy. Systematization is achieved by data converting into higher forms through statistics, analysis, modeling, simulation, systems analysis and decision support systems. Application of Spatial optimization through systematic planning, focuses on the selection of reserves for optimal space planning. It will expand the use of these techniques through systematic spatial planning for more integrated land management objectives. Systematic planning activities (long-term strategy), to solve problems (short-term projects), development and management requires more research and management. Thus, we can conclude that spatial planning is the science that integrates four concepts: territorial planning (economic component), urban (social component), environmental protection and cultural models. Based on these findings, the main method of spatial planning to review all these concepts integrative method is SketchMatch. This method implies that in a span of one day (minimum) to a maximum of three days, a group of stakeholders, eg citizens, policy makers makers, farmers) meet to analyze, define and find solutions to a problem of spatial planning. Methods of systematic spatial planning have been applied successfully in the frame of project " Cat’s bend- Space for the river", developed in partnership with the Dutch Government - Department of Water Management and Planning 2008-2009.spatial planning, systematic spatial planning, SketchMatch, applied methods in spatial planning.

Reciclarea deseurilor din constructii si demolari - o necesitate?

This study was conducted to measure the effect of occupational stress on job satisfaction using 80 usable questionnaires gathered from academic employees in private institutions of higher learning in Kuching City, Malaysia. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess the survey questionnaire data and found that the measurement scales met the acceptable standards of validity and reliability analyses. Next, a stepwise regression analysis was used to test the research hypotheses and the outcomes of this regression analysis showed two important findings: first, physiological stress significantly correlated with job satisfaction. Second, psychological stress insignificantly correlated with job satisfaction. This result demonstrates that level of physiological stress has increased job satisfaction, and level of psychological stress had not decreased job satisfaction. Further, the study confirms that occupational stress does act as a partial determinant of job satisfaction in the stress models of the organizational sector sample. In addition, implications and discussion are elaborated.physiological stress, psychological stress, occupational stress, job satisfaction

Analysis of the Current Housing Situation in Romania in the European Context

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>In this paper the authors perform an exten- sive analysis of the housing situation in Romania in relation to other EU countries. The following indicators, and others, are examined: the number of dwellings per 1000 inhabitants, the average number of rooms per dwelling, overcrowding, the degradation rate of housing, the rate of util- ities. The type of ownership of the buildings is also analyzed. The implications of the fact that Romania has one of the highest percentages of private homes in Europe are also discussed. In order to highlight these issues and others (which have been the subject of the authors’ previous studies), in the present work, the dynamics of housing construction in Romania are studied over a long period – namely the period between 1950-2011 – with the aim of highlighting the pres- ent position of Romania compared to other EU countries in terms of housing. The analysis leads to the conclusion that on most housing indicators Romania occupies lower ranks compared to oth- er EU countries. </span></p></div></div></div></div

Main challenges of residential areas

The present article is a position paper aiming to initiate a professional debate related to the aspects related to the urban dysfunctions leading to the wear of the residential areas. The paper proposes a definition of the wear process, identify the main causes leading to its occurrence and propose a number of solutions to neutralise the dysfunctions. The three wearing phases of residential areas components are emphasized, exploring their lifecycle. In order to perform the study of urban wear, the status of the residential areas components can be established and monitored, and also the variables of the function that can mathematically model the specific wear process may be considered. The paper is considered a first step for the model adjustment, to be tested and validated in the following steps. Based on the mathematical method and model, there can be created, in a potential future research, the possibility of determining the precarity degree for residential areas/neighbourhoods and cities, by minimising the subjective component of the analyses preceding the decision for renovation or regeneration

3D Geo-information in urban climate studies

3D geo-information is essential for urban climate studies. It is obvious that both natural environment and built-up environment play the fundamental role in defining the climatic conditions for urban areas, which affect the quality of human life and human comfort. The paper presents the main categories of 3D geo-information used in urban climate studies and roles in creating and operating the numerical models specially designed to simulate urban planning scenarios and improvement of the urban climate situation. 3D geo-information is essential for urban climate studies. It is obvious that both natural environment and built-up environment playthe fundamental role in defining the climatic conditions for urban areas, which affect the quality of human life and human comfort.The paper presents the main categories of 3D geo-information used in urban climate studies and roles in creating and operating thenumerical models specially designed to simulate urban planning scenarios and improvement of the urban climate situation

Multitemporal image analysis of the green space dynamics: raising issues from the Bucharest case study

The dynamics of the green space in urban areas are key components for the urban environment monitoring options and of the urban planning strategies. In the European Union, specific regulations provide the quantitative measures for green space areas necessary for each inhabitant of a city. To assess the situation in the case of Bucharest, we used the multitemporal analysis of remotely sensed imagery based on Landsat archive available. This enabled us to characterize the possibility to monitor and assess the changes in the vegetation cover over a quarter of a century, and raised a series of issues based on the remote sensing observations and image processing. The quantitative assessment of the green spaces is further developed into proposals related to the green space provisions in urban planning, but also revisions of the quantitative measures used in regulations

Demonstrative potential of multitemporal satellite imagery in documenting urban dynamics: generalisation from the Bucharest city case

The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of multitemporal satellite imagery to be processed and used in documenting urban changes that took place over time, with limited resources involved and taking advantage of the opportunity to be able to use the satellite imagery available as open data. The possibilities to analyse and compare the written literature regarding the chronological evolution of a city with the patterns of Land Use/Land Cover obtained from the processing of satellite remotely sensed images of the respective scenery were investigated based upon a case study of a selected city. The extent of the prospects of using remote sensing based methods and multitemporal satellite imagery is also expressed as a result of this investigation

Selective waste collection optimization in Romania and its impact to urban climate

According to European Directives, transposed in national legislation, the Member States should organize separate collection systems at least for paper, metal, plastic, and glass until 2015. In Romania, since 2011 only 12% of municipal collected waste was recovered, the rest being stored in landfills, although storage is considered the last option in the waste hierarchy. At the same time there was selectively collected only 4% of the municipal waste. Surveys have shown that the Romanian people do not have selective collection bins close to their residencies. The article aims to analyze the current situation in Romania in the field of waste collection and management and to make a proposal for selective collection containers layout, using geographic information systems tools, for a case study in Romania. Route optimization is used based on remote sensing technologies and network analyst protocols. Optimizing selective collection system the greenhouse gases, particles and dust emissions can be reduced